VINEYARD ESTABLISHMENT

It can take several years of research to determine whether a site is suitable for growing winegrapes. Temperature, location, elevation, topography and regional characteristics are all important factors that should weigh into any site decision.

Climate - Knowing the weather patterns for the area where your vineyard will be planted is a key factor in determining whether a certain site is suitable. Rainfall, temperature, humidity and variability are different aspects of an area's climate that play heavily into vineyard site assessment.

Diseases and Pests - Vines planted in certain regions are prone to various diseases, insect infestation, or animal damage.  Vineyards next to bodies of water or fields where hay is cut may be vulnerable to insect swarms. Forest creatures, such as deer and birds can also wreak havoc with an otherwise prosperous vineyard.

Grape Varieties - It's essential to know which types of grapevines will produce best in any given area. Varieties such as Riesling prefer a colder climate than Pinot Noir, which prospers in more moderate, steady temperatures. It's also imperative to know the growing tendencies and freeze thresholds of the vines you'd like to plant.

Topography - The layout of the land can have a big impact on grape quality.  It's usually favorable to plant grapevines on gently sloping land, to promote sufficient air flow and avoid frost pockets. Many vineyards above the equator lie on southern-facing slopes to maximize heat units.  

Soil - One of the most challenging aspects of choosing a vineyard site is knowing whether the soil is good for growing grapes.  Grapevines need soil with good drainage, so that the roots get proper oxygen.  Soils that don't fall into acceptable pH and salinity (saltiness) ranges should be avoided.

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